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1.
Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. (Online) ; 53(2): e16043, 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-951897

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) involves the association of a photosensitizing agent with a light source with the goal of causing apoptosis or microbial lysing. The use of compounds with natural active principles is gaining prominence throughout the world. Several studies from groups that are linked to the development of innovations in the pharmaceutical market have used natural dyes, such as curcumin, the efficacy of which has been demonstrated in aPDT trials. Difficulties related to physicochemical stability, solubility and cell penetration are some of the challenges associated with this field. The present work aimed to prepare, investigate the characteristics and improve the photodynamic activity of PLGA-based nanoparticles loaded with curcumin for use in aPDT therapy. Using the simple technique of emulsion during the evaporation of a solvent, the particles were built, characterized and tested against microorganisms with importance for medicine and dentistry. The results revealed that the particles were able to protect the curcumin against degradation and eliminate some microorganism species at nanomolar concentrations.


Subject(s)
Curcumin/analysis , Nanoparticles/analysis , Photochemotherapy/adverse effects , Drug Compounding
2.
Braz. dent. j ; 27(5): 578-583, Sept.-Oct. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-828036

ABSTRACT

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the gene expression of proinflammatory (RANKL, TNF-a and IFN-g) and regulatory (TGF-b and IL-10) cytokines as reaction to experimental infection by mono or bi-association of Fusobacterium nucleatum (ATCC 10953) and Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 19433). F. nucleatum and E. faecalis, either in mono- or bi-association were inoculated into the root canal system (RCS) of Balb/c mice. Animals were sacrificed at 10 and 20 days after infection and periapical tissues surrounding the root were collected. The mRNA expression of the cytokines RANKL, TNF-a, IFN- g, TGF-b and IL-10 was assessed using real-time PCR. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical analysis. F. nucleatum mono-infection induced high expression of RANKL and TNF-a, while its modulation was due to IL-10. High expression of IFN-g at day 20 was up-regulated by E. faecalis and RANKL; TNF-a was up-regulated by an independent mechanism via IL-10 and TGF-b. Bi-association (F. nucleatum and E. faecalis) stimulated high expression of RANKL, TNF-a and IFN-g, which seemed to be modulated by TGF-b 20 days later. The gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines was more prominent in the earlier periods of the experimental periapical infection, which concomitantly decreased in the later period. This expression may be regulated by IL-10 and TGF-b in an infection-specific condition


Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a expressão gênica de citocinas pró-inflamatórias (RANKL, TNF-a e IFN-g) e regulatórias (TGF-b e IL-10) em resposta à infecção experimental por Fusobacterium nucleatum (ATCC 10953) e Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 19433) como mono-infecção ou em bi-associação. F. nucleatum e E. faecalis foram inoculados no sistema de canais radiculares de camundongos Balb/c, tanto isoladas como em bi-associação. Os animais foram sacrificados em 10 e 20 dias após a infecção, e os tecidos periapicais foram coletados. As expressões do mRNA das citocinas RANKL, TNF-a, IFN-g, TGF-b e IL-10 foram analisadas por meio do real-time PCR. O teste de Kruskal-Wallis foi utilizado para análise estatística. A mono-infecção com F. nucleatum induziu alta expressão de RANKL e TNF-a, enquanto sua modulação ocorreu devido à IL-10. A alta expressão de IFN-g no dia 20 foi regulada positivamente por E. faecalis e RANKL; TNF-a foi regulada positivamente por um mecanismo independente via IL-10 e TGF-b. A bi-associação (F. nucleatum e E. faecalis) estimulou uma alta expressão de RANKL, TNF-a e IFN-g, que parece ser modulada por TGF-b após 20 dias. A expressão gênica de citocinas pró-inflamatórias foi mais proeminente nos estágios iniciais da infecção periapical experimental, com concomitante redução no período tardio. Este fenômeno pode ser regulado por IL-10 e TGF-b em uma condição de infecção específica.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cytokines/metabolism , Dental Pulp Cavity/pathology , Enterobacter/metabolism , Fusobacterium nucleatum/metabolism , Dental Pulp Cavity/metabolism , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C
3.
Br J Med Med Res ; 2016; 15(4): 1-14
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-183029

ABSTRACT

Failures in the control of infectious focus may be associated with Intra-abdominal infections (IAI)-driven sepsis. We evaluated the bacterial antimicrobial profile and the cytokine production in patients with IAI in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. To the analyses, Vitek 2 bioMérieux and BD-CBA Human Inflammatory Cytokines were used. Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis and Bacteroides fragilis were predominant in this cohort. Enterobacteriaceae was resistant to at least 4 different antimicrobial classes and 80.0% of Acintobacter baumannii strains to imipenem. 81.8% of Staphylococcus spp. were methicillin-resistant. Penicillin and clindamycin resistance were found in 80.0% and 26.7% of anaerobes, respectively. IL-8 was found in all IAI secretions and in 93.5% of analyzed sera; while IL-6 was identified in 93.5% of patient’s serum and in 51.6% analyzed secretions. IL-10 was detected in 53.3% of patient’s serum. Our data indicates the relevance of further cytokine profile studies to better understanding the evolution of these processes.

4.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 108(6): 724-729, set. 2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-685496

ABSTRACT

Bacteriocins are antibacterial, proteinaceous substances that mediate microbial dynamics. Bacteriocin production is a highly disseminated property among all major lineages of bacteria, including Shigella. In this paper, we addressed the purification and characterisation of a bacteriocin produced by a Shigella sonnei strain (SS9) isolated from a child with acute diarrhoea. The substance was purified through ammonium-sulphate precipitation and sequential steps of chromatography. The intracellular fraction obtained at 75% ammonium sulphate maintained activity following exposure to pH values from 1-11 and storage at -80ºC for more than two years and was inactivated by high temperatures and proteases. The molecular mass of the purified bacteriocin was determined by mass spectrometry to be 18.56 kDa. The N-terminal sequence of the bacteriocin did not match any other antibacterial proteins described. A putative new bacteriocin produced by S. sonnei has been detected. This bacteriocin may represent a newly described protein or a previously described protein with a newly detected function. Considering that SS9 expresses antagonism against other diarrhoeagenic bacteria, the bacteriocin may contribute to S. sonnei virulence and is potentially applicable to either preventing or controlling diarrhoeal disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bacteriocins/isolation & purification , Shigella sonnei/chemistry , Acute Disease , Amino Acid Sequence , Bacteriocins/chemistry , Bacteriocins/metabolism , Chromatography, Reverse-Phase , Diarrhea/microbiology , Mass Spectrometry , Shigella sonnei/growth & development
5.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 38(2): 265-269, Apr.-June 2007. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-454903

ABSTRACT

The production of antagonistic substance by bacterium present in the infected root canal system (RCS) probably is an important ecological factor for its successful colonization of the local. The objective of this study was to partially characterize an antagonistic substance produced by a Clostridium butyricum isolated from infected RCS.Production of inhibitory compound was evaluated by the agar double layer diffusion technique using Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bifidobacterium adolescentis as indicator bacteria. The physicochemical and biochemical factors tested for the partial characterization were influence of pH and temperature and susceptibility to the action of some proteolytic enzymes. An inhibition zone was observed against the two indicator strains and acidity and bacteriophage were rejected as responsible for this phenomenon. The inhibitory activity showed to be decreasing in a pH range from 3.5 to 6.5 and being stable at temperatures of 60°, 70° and 100°C, but completely inactivated when exposed at 121°C. The antagonistic activity was resistant to the proteolytic action of trypsin, a-chymotrypsin and papain. An antagonistic substance was produced by C. butyricum, which was thermo-resistant and probably of non-protein nature.


A produção de substâncias antagonistas por espécies bacterianas presentes em sistema de canais radiculares (SCR) infectados, tem um papel importante na colonização deste sítio. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar parcialmente a substância antagonista produzida por amostra de Clostridium butyricum isolado de SCR infectados.A produção de substância antagonista foi avaliada pela técnica de difusão em ágar utilizando como bactérias indicadoras Fusobacterium nucleatum e Bifidobacterium adolescentis. Os parâmetros físico-químicos utilizados durante a caracterização parcial foram: pH, estabilidade térmica, susceptibilidade à ação das enzimas tripsina, a-quimiotripsina e papaína. Foi observada zona de inibição contra as duas amostras indicadoras e ainda foi demonstrado que ácidos e bacteriófagos não eram responsáveis por este fenômeno. A atividade inibitória mostrou-se diminuída em uma faixa de pH de 3.5 a 6.5 e estável em temperaturas de 60°, 70° e 100°C, sendo completamente inativada quando exposta a 121°C. A atividade antagonista foi resistente à ação das enzimas proteolíticas: tripsina, a-quimiotripsina e papaína. A substância antagonista produzida por C. butyricum é termoresistente e provavelmente de natureza não protéica.

6.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 32(3): 248-254, July-Sept., 2001. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-316980

ABSTRACT

Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is a clinically relevant periodontopathogenic Gram-negative coccobacillus that produces a leukotoxin of the RTX cytolysin family. In this study, we evaluated the leukotoxic activity of A. actinomycetemcomitans strains isolated from human and marmosets by Trypan blue exclusion and by the chemiluminescence assays. Among eight A. actinomycetemcomitans human strains studied, two (P2.17 and P8.12) were classified as high leukotoxin producers and among eight marmoset strains, one (M22.11) showed high leukotoxin production, as determined by Trypan blue exclusion assay. The reference strains ATCC 29523 and FDC Y4 respectively behaved like moderate and low producers. The chemiluminescence assay was used to evaluate the leukotoxic activity of M22.11 and P2.17 strains submitted to different growth conditions. Leukotoxic activity was detected on cells at the logarithmic phase and was similar under anaerobic and microaerophilic growth conditions. It was greatly reduced when cells were grown at glucose concentrations lower or higher than 0.75per cent (0.25per cent and 1.5per cent) in thioglycolate medium. Leukotoxin production mainly by the M22.11 strain was low in BHI broth, whereas production in TSB medium showed a similar level as in thioglycolate broth medium. Sodium bicarbonate at 10 mM did not affect leukotoxin production.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Adult , Actinobacillus , Actinobacillus Infections/diagnosis , Actinobacillus Infections/genetics , Chemotaxis, Leukocyte/genetics , Luminescent Measurements
7.
Rev. microbiol ; 28(3): 210-4, jul.-set. 1997. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-280119

ABSTRACT

A atividade hemolítica de 62 amostras de actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, isolados da cavidade oral de saguis (30), de seres humanos com e sem doença periodontal (30) e duas amostras de refência foram testadas cultivando as bactérias em meio contendo sangue humano, de carneiro, de cavalo, de coelho e de boi. A atividade alfa-hemolítica foi detectada para todas as amostras e a expressäo desta atividade parece ser estável neste grupo microbiano. A cinética de hemólise foi determinada para três amostras de A. actinomycetemcomitans e o máximo da atividade foi detectada durante a fase estacionária


Subject(s)
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/isolation & purification , In Vitro Techniques
8.
Rev. microbiol ; 22(3): 269-71, jul.-set. 1991.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-128748

ABSTRACT

O imipenem é um antibiótico beta-lactâmico, carbapênico novo e com amplo espectro antibacteriano. O nível de resistência de cepas orais humanas e näo humanas de A. actinomycetemcomitans, para o imipenem, foi determinado pelo método de diluiçäo de ágar. Todas as 31 cepas testadas apresentaram uma faixa de susceptibilidade "in vitro" de 0.125 para 1 ug/ml. 90//das cepas humanas apresentaram valores das CIMS, duas vezes maiores que aqueles apresentados pelas cepas näo humanas. Este estudo confirma a boa atividade do imipenem, novo antibiótico beta-lactâmico, contra microrganismos penicilina-resistentes


Subject(s)
Actinomycetales/isolation & purification , Actinobacillus/isolation & purification , Lactams/analysis , In Vitro Techniques
9.
Rev. microbiol ; 19(3): 262-5, jul.-set. 1988. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-69475

ABSTRACT

Quarenta e uma amostras de A. actinomycetemcomitans, 4 ambientais e 37 humanas isoladas e caracterizadas no laboratório de Microbiologia Oral e Anaeróbios do Departamento de Microbiologia do ICB/UFMG, foram testadas quanto à capacidade hemolígica utilizando-se sangue de carneiro e humano. Foi caracterizada hemólise parcial em 34 dos 41 isolados. Destes somente 8 amostras humanas produziram hemólise em ambos os tipos de sangue, isoladas de indivíduos com doença periodontal (5) e sem doença periodontal (3). Considerando-se a relativa heterogeneidade desse grupo bacteriano, esses resultados suscitam maiores estudos sobre sua atividade hemolígica, visando a uma possível aplicaçäo em termos de sistemática e pagogênese


Subject(s)
Humans , Actinobacillus/physiology , Hemolysis
10.
Rev. latinoam. microbiol ; 30(2): 65-7, abr.-jun. 1988. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-94107

ABSTRACT

Foram determinadas as concentraçöes inibitórias mínimas de metronidazol para 33 amostras de Actinobacillus actinomy cetemcomitans, isoladas da cavidade oral humana, de ambiente e de referencia, pela técnica de diluiçäo em ágar, utilizando-se o meio de Wilkins & Chalgren, para anaeróbicos. A maioria das amostras foram foi inibidas por 64 ug/ml da droga, sendo apenas 8 inibidas por 8 ug/ml, concentraçäo antingida no plasma humano após da injeçäo intravenosa do antibiótico


Subject(s)
Humans , Metronidazole , Actinobacillus , Agar , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Indicator Dilution Techniques , Injections, Intravenous , Plasma
11.
Rev. microbiol ; 19(1): 56-9, jan.-mar. 1988. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-56219

ABSTRACT

Procurou-se aprimorar a metodologia para testes de susceptibilidade de microrganismos a drogas, utilizando-se recursos simples, de baixo custo, de processamento rápido, confiáveis, tomando o A. actinomycetemcomitans como modelo, dadas as suas peculiaridades


Subject(s)
Humans , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Actinobacillus/isolation & purification , Mouth/microbiology , Drug Resistance, Microbial
12.
Rev. microbiol ; 17(4): 296-306, out.-dez. 1986. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-282380

ABSTRACT

Foram isoladas e caracterizadas 14 amostras de Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, de lesöes periodontais humanas, de 30 pacientes da Clínica de Periodontia da FO/UFMG. As amostras foram isoladas em meio seletivo (TSBV), em anaerobiose e microaerofilia, e estudadas com relaçäo às características morfológicas(coloniais e celulares), bioquímicas e fisiológicas, alguns aspectos de conservaçäo de culturas e seu comportamento quanto a inibidores químicos e corantes. Todas as amostras isolados apresentaram as características morfológicas(coloniais e celulares), bioquímicas e fisiológicas típicas da espécie. Todas permaneceram viáveis, em cultura, até 72 horas à atmosfera ambiente; em anaerobiose e microaerofilia, a 37ºC, até 15 dias. A caracterizaçäo bioquímica e fisiológica reforça os dados da literatura quanto à heterogeneidade do grupo A.actinomycetemcomitans, indicando um provável desdobramento taxonômico.


Subject(s)
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/physiology , Culture Media
13.
Arq. Centro Estud. Curso Odontol ; 22(2): 23-38, jul.-dez. 1985. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-138705

ABSTRACT

14 amostras de A. Actinomycetemcomitans isoladas de lesöes periodontais humanas e caracterizadas no Laboratório de Microbiologia Oral e Anaeróbios do Departamento de Microbiologia ICB/UFMG foram estudadas quanto à susceptibilidade a 12 drogas antimicrobianas. Todas as amostras foram sensíveis à tetracilina, cloranfenicol, ampicilina, carbenicilina, cefalotinina e amoxicilina; a maioria sensível à cefoxitina, eritromicina, clindamicina; todas resistentes à vancomicina e bacitracina, e a maioria à penicilina


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Periodontal Diseases , Actinobacillus Infections/immunology , Penicillins , Drug Resistance, Microbial
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